Power
According to the Pakistan Economic Survey 2019–20, the installed
electricity generation capacity reached 37,402 MW in 2020. The maximum
total demand coming from residential and industrial estates stands at nearly
25,000 MW, whereas the transmission and distribution capacity is stalled at
approximately 22,000 MW. This leads to a deficit of about 3,000 MW when
the demand peaks. This additional 3,000 MW required cannot be transmitted even
though the peak demand of the country is well below its installed capacity. The
Electricity Generation of Pakistan is :
Electricity
generation
Electricity – generation: 134,745.70 GWh (FY2019-20)
Electricity – generation by source (FY2019-20)
o Furnace
oil: 14% of total
o Natural
gas: 31% of total
o Coal:
16% of total
o Hydroelectric:
29% of total
o Nuclear:
4% of total
o Renewable (solar
& wind): 5% of total
o Others
(Bagasse, Waste Heat Recovery etc.): 1% of total
Electricity in Pakistan is generated, transmitted,
distributed, and retail supplied by two vertically integrated public sector
companies, Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) responsible
for the production of hydroelectricity and supplied by power distribution
companies currently 13 all in the public sector (except Karachi), and
the Karachi Electric (K-Electric) for the city of Karachi and its
surrounding areas. There are around 42 independent power producers (IPPs) that
contribute significantly in electricity generation in Pakistan.
More than 99% of its population on average has access to
electricity. Pakistan has a total installed power generation capacity of
over 40,000 MW as of 5 April 2021. Furnace
oil (15 percent), hydel (26
percent), natural gas (12 percent), LNG (25 percent), coal (9 percent),
renewable (solar and wind 5 percent) and nuclear (8 per cent) are the principal
sources.